Chillers

The American Innovation and Manufacturing Act, empowers the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to phase down HFCs through quotas on production and consumption, with the goal of a 40% reduction by 2024 and an 85% reduction by 2036. Individual states, as well as those in the California Air Resources Board (CARB) Alliance, have also proposed or enacted their own GWP restrictions and timing, which vary by application and equipment type. 

This article starts with the fundamentals: a review of bacteria, bacteria test methods and the mechanism of biofilm formation. The second part includes operating protocols, biofilm monitoring methods and Legionella risks.

The average chiller lifecycle can be as much as 20 years making maintenance a continuous process requiring a holistic and proactive approach. By integrating smart equipment engineered to simplify maintenance with intelligent automation solutions, chillers can be optimized to drive building performance and help operators overcome common maintenance challenges.     

The Cordia Minneapolis district energy system has evolved since it first went online in 1972 to include one main plant and nine satellite plants providing heating and cooling to over 100 buildings. Those buildings are some of the biggest in the state, including the homes of three professional sports teams (U.S. Bank Stadium, Target Field and Target Center), the Minneapolis Convention Center, the Minnesota Star Tribune printing plant and Augsburg University. The steam and hot water system includes 39,000 feet of piping. The chilled water system includes 24,900 feet of piping and has a cooling capacity of 37,550 tons.

Developing centrifugal refrigeration compressors, whether they have one stage or two, involves considering several factors. From a cost perspective, a single-stage refrigeration compressor is an ideal option. It’s simpler to design and has fewer parts, which generally makes it cheaper. However, single-stage refrigeration compressors have their limitations.

Chiller & Cooling Best Practices sat down with three of CIS’s officers, Mikel Bonano, Jr., CEO; Keith Earhart, Vice President, Engineered Sales and Strategic Accounts and Joseph Bonano, Louisiana Controls Manager; to discuss staying operational during extreme weather events, the benefits of two-stage centrifugal chiller impellers and a massive project CIS undertook for Tulane University.

The 2025 Cooling Technology Institute (CTI) Annual Conference for manufacturers, owner-operators and suppliers of heat rejection equipment was held Feb. 2-5, 2025, at the Peabody Hotel in Memphis, TN. This article shares updates to CTI standards and acceptance test codes, synopsizes the event’s educational curriculum, shares perspective and highlights products and services offered by firms at the event’s trade show. 

More than 1,800 exhibitors and 350 speakers drew in over 50,000 attendees. HVACR professionals from across the globe gathered to discuss the latest regulation updates and explore innovations. This article focuses on chiller, heat rejection and related cooling technologies for industrial use.

If we're using sustainability as a broader term, there's waste management, water, carbon, renewable power and more. Those are some of the units now part of the equation we're solving for. It sometimes ends up with a different set of solutions than you would typically end up with if you were only looking at dollars.

In August 2024, Johnson Controls hosted a showcase at its Johnson Controls Advanced Development and Engineering Center (JADEC) in New Freedom, PA, to share testing and engineering capabilities of its applied HVAC equipment for data centers and semiconductor manufacturers.